DVD
Glossary
- A-Time:
- Absolute Time.
Elapsed time, referenced to the program start (00:00:00), on a DVD.
A-Time is measured in minutes, seconds, and frames.
- AC-3:
- A six-channel
digital audio format; its official name is Dolby Digital Surround
Sound System.
- Artifacts:
- Interference or
other unwanted "noise" in video such as flickering or
changes in color.
- Aspect
ratio:
- The dimensions of
the image. A "typical television" ratio is 4 X 3 (also
known as 1.33 X 1). Many motion pictures, and some new TVs, have a
16 X 9 format (also known as 1.78 X 1).
- Authoring:
- Creation,
combining and setup of a various files for a DVD video, DVD-ROM, or
audio disc. This includes audio, video, graphics and text files. The
end result is a DLT tape with DVD image files and DDP descriptor.
- Bit
rate:
- The rate at which
bits of data are encoded on the disc. A typical bit rate is 3.5
Megabits per second.
- CBR:
- Constant bit rate
compression. This indicates that in the encoding process the bit
rate does not change, despite the simplicity or complexity of the
image being encoded. (See VBR).
- Chapter
stop:
- Programming that
allows a viewer to jump immediately to a particular part.
- Compress:
- To reduce or
compact audio or video information so that it can more easily be
stored or transmitted.
- CSS:
- Content scrambling
system, a type of Digital copy protection sanctioned by the DVD
Forum.
- DDP:
- Disc Description
Protocol is a small file(s) which describe how to master a data
image file for optical disc(DVD or CD). This is ANSI industry
standard developed by Doug Carson and Associates. This information
is used in the mastering process by the Laser Beam Recorders.
- DLT:
- Digital Linear
Tape, a high storage capacity (10-20 Gbytes) tape used as the input
medium to master DVD. Media designated "type III" or
"type IV" tapes are used for DVD.
- DVD-5:
- DVD format in
which 4.7 Gigabytes of data are stored on one side of the disc in
one layer.
- DVD-9:
- DVD format in
which 8.5 Gigabytes of data are stored on one side of the disc in
two layers.
- DVD-10:
- DVD format in
which 9.4 Gigabytes of data are stored on two sides of the disc in
one layer each.
- DVD-18:
- DVD format in
which 17.0 Gigabytes of data are stored on two sides of the disc in
two layers each.
- Decompress:
- To change audio
and video information from a compacted form to its original state.
- ECC/EDC:
- Error Correction
Code/Error Detection Code. Codes specified in the color book
standards and imbedded in DVD data which facilitate the
reconstruction of data if read errors occur.
- Indexing:
- Creation of a data
index to speed up search and retrieval.
- LBR:
- Laser beam
recorder. It creates the DVD master disc.
- Macrovision:
- An analog
protection scheme developed by Macrovision for the protection of
analog copying. It is widely used in VHS and has now been applied to
DVD.
- Media
Conversion:
- The process of
converting data from one type of media to another for premastering
and mastering. Premastering software typically requires input data
on hard disk. 8mm tape and compact disc are preferred as input media
for the mastering process.
- MPEG1,
MPEG2:
- Standards for
compressing video. MPEG stands for Moving Pictures Expert Group.
- NTSC:
- National
Television Systems Committee, which devised the standards for TV
broadcasting in the United States, Canada, Japan, and a few other
countries. (See PAL)
- PAL:
- Phase Alteration
Line. A standard for TV broadcasting in Europe, Australia and New
Zealand, and other countries. (See NTSC)
- Pan
& Scan:
- A method of
transferring movies with an aspect ratio of 16 X 9 to film, tape, or
disc to be shown on a conventional TV with a 4 X 3 aspect ratio.
Only part of the full image is selected for each scene. Pan &
Scan is the opposite of "letterbox" or "widescreen."
- Pit
Art:
- A type of DVD
labeling in which the pits are cut in a design to resemble writing
or another image.
- PQ
Information:
- Information on the
disc (or tape) that determines track start points, control bits,
timing information, etc.
- Premastering:
- The process of
formatting data into the exact image that will appear on a DVD,
including file structure and file locations. A premastered image is
ready to be mastered and replicated.
- Regional
Coding:
- Copy-protection
coding built into a DVD disc that allow it to be played, or prevent
it from being played, in one or more regions of the world. For this
purpose, the world is divided into six regions.
- Subpicture
information:
- Captions,
subtitles, or other text that can be displayed or hidden.
- Substrate:
- A DVD half-disc.
Two substrates, each 0.6 mm thick, are bonded together to form a 1.2
mm thick DVD disc.
- Tagging:
- Placing hidden
markers in text to indicate where to insert specific images.
- Telecine
process:
- The process of
turning film into video.
- VBR:
- Variable bit rate
compression. This indicates that in the encoding process the bit
rate changes, depending upon the simplicity or complexity of the
image being encoded. (See CBR).
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DVD
Authoring
Mastering
Replication
Printing
and Packaging
Services
DVD
Overview
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